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Stark's Knob
・ Stark's lark
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Stark's Knob : ウィキペディア英語版
Stark's Knob
Stark's Knob is a basaltic pillow lava formation near Schuylerville, New York, United States. It formed about 460 to 440 million years ago in relatively shallow sea water. It is often mistakenly referred to as a volcano, probably because early investigators described it as a volcano or volcanic plug.〔
It was here during the Saratoga Campaign of the American Revolution that General John Stark of New Hampshire cut off the retreat of British General John Burgoyne's army, hence its name.
==Geology==

Stark's Knob formed in the Connecticut River Valley during the Taconic orogeny, when the shrinking Iapetus Ocean caused marine sediments to accrete onto the coast of the North American continent. This bulldozing effect also inevitably dragged in an island chain that probably resembled the Japanese Island chain. As a result, pressure in the rocks caused magma to erupt on the sea floor. The pillow lava that eventually formed Stark's Knob flowed out of these cracks and onto the sea floor. Fossils of snails found in sedimentary rock sandwiched between the pillows indicate that the lava formed during the early, or more likely, Middle Ordovician age. The snails also show that the lava was formed in shallow seas, as the species of snail was native to shallow water. Eventually the rocks were pushed up and out of the water. Over time, the rock was upthrust and tilted to a westerly direction. The thrusting also pushed the rock from the Connecticut River Valley to its present location, just west of the Hudson River.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/services/starks/starktwo.html )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.hudsoncrossingpark.org/virtualtour/masterplan.html )

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「Stark's Knob」の詳細全文を読む



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